2012年考研英语阶段测试试题及答案

　　[B] a normal disease among the distressed

　　[C] a biological component of human being

　　[D] a contributing factor to eventual success

　　10.The views of Jerome Wakefield and Paul Keedwell on depressive feeling are____。

　　[A] different     [B] complementary      [C] opposite       [D] similar

　　11.The word “manna”(Paragraph 3) most probably means____。

　　[A] a gift        [B] a pain             [C] a reward       [D] a challenge

　　12.The story of Richard Yates shows that depressive men tend to be____。

　　[A] serious and mature

　　[B] brave and talented

　　[C] creative and persistent

　　[D] unfortunate and degenerate

　　13.According to the text, we can learn that____。

　　[A] The number of people addicted to antidepressants is on the rise

　　[B] Antidepressants may be going against human being evolution

　　[C] The writers are at high risk of suffering from depressive disorder

　　[D] Discontented workers may be more popular than the sunny ones

　　写出下列词汇(词组)在文章中的意思。

　　Para. 1

　　in the consequence of (L4)

　　redundancy (L5)

　　Para. 2

　　presume (L3)

　　chronic (L8)

　　Para. 3

　　irresistible (L2)

　　appeal (L2)

　　insult (L3)

　　Para. 4

　　miserable (L2)

　　Para. 5

　　tend to (L3)

　　III Translate the following passage into Chinese: 30 points

　　In country after country, talk of non-smokers’ right is in the air. While a majority of countries have taken little or no action yet, some 30 nations have introduced legislative steps to control smoking. Many laws have been introduced in other countries to help clear the air for nonsmokers, or to cut cigarette consumption。

In some developed countries the consumption of cigarettes has become more or less stabilized. However, in many developing nations, cigarette smoking is seen as a sign of economic progress — and is even encouraged. As more tobacco companies go international, new markets are sought to gain new smokers in those countries。Smoking is harmful to the health of people. World governments should conduct serious campaigns against it. Restrictions on cigarette advertisements, plus health warnings on packages and bans on public smoking in certain places such as theatres, cinemas and restaurants, are the most popular tools used by nations in support of nonsmokers or in curbing smoking. But world attention also is focusing on another step which will make the smoker increasingly self-conscious and uncomfortable about his habit. Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially of the dreadful consequences of taking up the habit. And cigarette price should be boosted。

　　In the long run, there is no doubt that everybody would be much better-off if smoking were banned altogether, but people are not ready for such drastic action。

　　答案

　　Cloze 20分

　　1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A

　　6. B 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. B

　　11. C 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C

　　16. D 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. D

　　Reading and Vocabulary 50分(选择一个2分，词汇一个1分)

　　text1 1-4  BADA

　　text2 5-8  BCAD

　　text3 9-13 CDACB

　　Translation30分

　　不吸烟者的权利问题，正在一个又一个国家里开始议论。至今多数国家很少或还没有采取措施，有三十个左右的国家已经采取法律程序控制吸烟。另一些国家则已制订旨在为不吸烟者净化空气或消减纸烟消费量的多种法律。

　　在某些发达国家中。纸烟的消费量已渐趋稳定。然而在许多发展中国家里，吸烟却被视为经济发展的一种标志——甚至受到鼓励。随着更多的烟草公司走上国际化的道路，它们在这些国家中寻找新的市场，争取更多的吸烟者。

　　吸烟对人民健康有害。世界各国政府应该开展认真的反对吸烟运动。限制香烟广告，每包香烟上加印有害健康的警告，以及禁止在诸如影剧院和餐馆等某些公共场所吸烟，这些都是许多国家用以支持不吸烟者和控制吸烟最常用的办法。同时，人们也正把注意力集中在另一项措施上。这项措施将使吸烟者越来越意识到自己的不良习惯并为此感到不安。应该做出巨大努力告诉青年人抽烟的危害性，特别是养成抽烟习惯的可怕后果。而且香烟价格应予提高。

　　从长远观点看，毫无疑问，如果能完全禁止吸烟，那么每个人的境况将得到很大的改善。但对于采取这种极端措施，人们尚无准备。