2009年考研英语阅读理解A命题思路解析(五)

　　（六）、考研阅读理解文章的结构特点

　　对于一篇完整的英文说明文或者议论文来说，不论其形式看上去有多么复杂多样，但是套用一句老话：“万变不离其宗。”一般考研阅读的文章都是采取传统的三段论形式：即提出问题（提出说明的事物或者现象）、分析问题（对事物或者现象进行说明）、解决问题（对说明的事物或者现象进行总结）。当然这里所说的“三段论”不是指所有的文章都分为三个段落，但是大部分文章基本上都是由这三个部分组成的。下面我们列举几种具体的情况来进行简单的分析，并在每种模式后面都举出了一篇考研真题的文章以帮助具体考生理解这些模式的特点，考生在平时的复习中也应该自己注意训练相关的判断力。

　　模式一：

　　第一部分：提出问题，可以开门见山地提出问题或者先阐述他人的观点然后揭示自己与之相左的观点；

　　第二部分：层层递进地进行分析，段落之间的逻辑联系非常强，每一段的论述都之前一段为依据，这些段落经常以moreover，further，furthermore，besides，inaddition等词语或者词组开头；

　　第三部分：在第二部分逻辑推理的基础上得出结论。

　　例文：95年Passage 3

　　In such a changing, complex society formerly simple solutions to informational needs become complicated. Many of life‘ s problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve. Where to turn for expert information and how to determine which expert advice to accept are questions facing many people today.

　　In addition to this, there is the growing mobility of people since World War Ⅱ. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable. The almost unconscious flow of information about the simplest aspects of living can be cut off. Thus, things once learned subconsciously through the casual communications of the extended family must be consciously learned.